Isaiah 44:8

Authorized King James Version

Fear ye not, neither be afraid: have not I told thee from that time, and have declared it? ye are even my witnesses. Is there a God beside me? yea, there is no God; I know not any.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אַֽל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#2
תִּפְחֲדוּ֙
Fear
to be startled (by a sudden alarm); hence, to fear in general
#3
וְאַל
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
#4
תִּרְה֔וּ
ye not neither be afraid
to fear
#5
הֲלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#6
מֵאָ֛ז
thee from that time
at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore
#7
הִשְׁמַעְתִּ֥יךָ
have not I told
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#8
וְהִגַּ֖דְתִּי
and have declared
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#9
וְאַתֶּ֣ם
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#10
עֵדָ֑י
it ye are even my witnesses
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e., prince
#11
הֲיֵ֤שׁ
Is there
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
#12
אֱל֙וֹהַּ֙
a God
a deity or the deity
#13
מִבַּלְעָדַ֔י
beside
except, without, besides
#14
וְאֵ֥ין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#15
צ֖וּר
me yea there is no God
properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
#16
בַּל
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
#17
יָדָֽעְתִּי׃
I know
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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