Deuteronomy 30:19

Authorized King James Version

I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַֽעִדֹ֨תִי
I call
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
#2
בָכֶ֣ם
H0
#3
הַיּוֹם֮
this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם
heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#6
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
הָאָרֶץ֒
and earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#8
בַּֽחַיִּ֔ים
life
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#9
וְהַמָּ֙וֶת֙
and death
death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin
#10
נָתַ֣תִּי
against you that I have set
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#11
לְפָנֶ֔יךָ
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#12
הַבְּרָכָ֖ה
blessing
benediction; by implication prosperity
#13
וְהַקְּלָלָ֑ה
and cursing
vilification
#14
וּבָֽחַרְתָּ֙
therefore choose
properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select
#15
בַּֽחַיִּ֔ים
life
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#16
לְמַ֥עַן
properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that
#17
תִּֽחְיֶ֖ה
may live
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#18
אַתָּ֥ה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#19
וְזַרְעֶֽךָ׃
that both thou and thy seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

Analysis

Within the broader context of Deuteronomy, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of life connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about life, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Deuteronomy.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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