Deuteronomy 4:26

Authorized King James Version

I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַֽעִידֹתִי֩
I call
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
#2
בָכֶ֨ם
H0
#3
יָמִים֙
against you this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם
heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#6
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
הָאָ֔רֶץ
and earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#8
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
תֹּֽאבֵדוּן֮
H6
perish
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#10
תֹּֽאבֵדוּן֮
H6
perish
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#11
מַהֵר֒
that ye shall soon
properly, hurrying; hence (adverbially) in a hurry
#12
מֵעַ֣ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
הָאָ֔רֶץ
and earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#14
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#15
אַתֶּ֜ם
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#16
עֹֽבְרִ֧ים
whereunto ye go over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#17
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן
Jordan
jarden, the principal river of palestine
#19
שָׁ֖מָּה
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#20
לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ
to possess
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
#21
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#22
תַאֲרִיכֻ֤ן
it ye shall not prolong
to be (causative, make) long (literally or figuratively)
#23
יָמִים֙
against you this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#24
עָלֶ֔יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#25
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#26
תִּשָּֽׁמֵדֽוּן׃
be destroyed
to desolate
#27
תִּשָּֽׁמֵדֽוּן׃
be destroyed
to desolate

Analysis

Within the broader context of Deuteronomy, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Deuteronomy.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Deuteronomy Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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