Romans 10:12

Authorized King James Version

For there is no difference between the Jew and the Greek: for the same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὐ
no
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
ἐστιν
there is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#4
διαστολὴ
difference
a variation
#5
Ἰουδαίου
the Jew
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#6
τε
between
both or also (properly, as correlation of g2532)
#7
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
Ἕλληνος
the Greek
a hellen (grecian) or inhabitant of hellas; by extension a greek-speaking person, especially a non-jew
#9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#11
αὐτόν·
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
κύριος
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#13
πάντας
all
all, any, every, the whole
#14
πλουτῶν
is rich
to be (or become) wealthy (literally or figuratively)
#15
εἰς
unto
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#16
πάντας
all
all, any, every, the whole
#17
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
ἐπικαλουμένους
that call upon
to entitle; by implication, to invoke (for aid, worship, testimony, decision, etc.)
#19
αὐτόν·
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

Within the broader context of Romans, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Romans.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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