Psalms 86:13

Authorized King James Version

For great is thy mercy toward me: and thou hast delivered my soul from the lowest hell.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
חַ֭סְדְּךָ
is thy mercy
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#3
גָּד֣וֹל
For great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#4
עָלָ֑י
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
וְהִצַּ֥לְתָּ
toward me and thou hast delivered
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#6
נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י
my soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#7
מִשְּׁא֥וֹל
hell
hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates
#8
תַּחְתִּיָּֽה׃
from the lowest
lowermost; as noun (feminine plural) the depths (figuratively, a pit, the womb)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights divine love through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of mercy connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about mercy, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood mercy. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection