Psalms 86:14

Authorized King James Version

O God, the proud are risen against me, and the assemblies of violent men have sought after my soul; and have not set thee before them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֱלֹהִ֤ים׀
H430
O God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#2
זֵ֘דִ֤ים
H2086
the proud
arrogant
#3
קָֽמוּ
H6965
are risen
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#4
עָלַ֗י
H5921
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
וַעֲדַ֣ת
H5712
against me and the assemblies
a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)
#6
עָ֭רִיצִים
H6184
of violent
fearful, i.e., powerful or tyrannical
#7
בִּקְשׁ֣וּ
H1245
men have sought
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
#8
נַפְשִׁ֑י
H5315
after my soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#9
וְלֹ֖א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
שָׂמ֣וּךָ
H7760
and have not set
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#11
לְנֶגְדָּֽם׃
H5048
a front, i.e., part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection