Psalms 31:10

Authorized King James Version

For my life is spent with grief, and my years with sighing: my strength faileth because of mine iniquity, and my bones are consumed.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
כָל֪וּ
is spent
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
#3
בְיָג֡וֹן
with grief
affliction
#4
חַיַּי֮
For my life
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#5
וּשְׁנוֹתַ֪י
and my years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#6
בַּאֲנָ֫חָ֥ה
with sighing
sighing
#7
כָּשַׁ֣ל
faileth
to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall
#8
בַּעֲוֺנִ֣י
because of mine iniquity
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#9
כֹחִ֑י
my strength
vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce)
#10
וַעֲצָמַ֥י
and my bones
a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e., (as pron.) selfsame
#11
עָשֵֽׁשׁוּ׃
are consumed
probably to shrink, i.e., fail

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of life reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes life in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection