Psalms 28:4

Authorized King James Version

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Give them according to their deeds, and according to the wickedness of their endeavours: give them after the work of their hands; render to them their desert.

Original Language Analysis

תֵּ֣ן Give H5414
תֵּ֣ן Give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 1 of 12
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָהֶ֣ם H1992
לָהֶ֣ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 2 of 12
they (only used when emphatic)
כְּפָעֳלָם֮ them according to their deeds H6467
כְּפָעֳלָם֮ them according to their deeds
Strong's: H6467
Word #: 3 of 12
an act or work (concretely)
וּכְרֹ֪עַ and according to the wickedness H7455
וּכְרֹ֪עַ and according to the wickedness
Strong's: H7455
Word #: 4 of 12
badness (as marring), physically or morally
מַֽעַלְלֵ֫יהֶ֥ם of their endeavours H4611
מַֽעַלְלֵ֫יהֶ֥ם of their endeavours
Strong's: H4611
Word #: 5 of 12
an act (good or bad)
כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה them after the work H4639
כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה them after the work
Strong's: H4639
Word #: 6 of 12
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
יְ֭דֵיהֶם of their hands H3027
יְ֭דֵיהֶם of their hands
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 7 of 12
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
תֵּ֣ן Give H5414
תֵּ֣ן Give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 8 of 12
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָהֶ֑ם H1992
לָהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 9 of 12
they (only used when emphatic)
הָשֵׁ֖ב render H7725
הָשֵׁ֖ב render
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 10 of 12
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
גְּמוּלָ֣ם to them their desert H1576
גְּמוּלָ֣ם to them their desert
Strong's: H1576
Word #: 11 of 12
treatment, i.e., an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital
לָהֶֽם׃ H1992
לָהֶֽם׃
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 12 of 12
they (only used when emphatic)

Analysis & Commentary

The imprecatory prayer 'Give them according to their deeds, and according to the wickedness of their endeavours: give them after the work of their hands; render to them their desert' asks for just retribution. Reformed theology defends imprecatory psalms as prayers for justice, not personal vengeance. These prayers align with God's justice—evil must be punished. They anticipate final judgment when God will render to each according to their deeds (Rom. 2:6). The repetition emphasizes just recompense.

Historical Context

Israel's law established lex talionis (eye for eye)—proportional justice. These prayers invoke that principle, asking God to judge wickedness appropriately. They trust divine justice rather than seeking personal revenge.

Questions for Reflection