Psalms 14:4

Authorized King James Version

Have all the workers of iniquity no knowledge? who eat up my people as they eat bread, and call not upon the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הֲלֹ֥א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#2
יָדְעוּ֮
H3045
no knowledge
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#3
כָּל
H3605
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#4
פֹּ֪עֲלֵ֫י
H6466
Have all the workers
to do or make (systematically and habitually), especially to practise
#5
אָ֥וֶן
H205
of iniquity
strictly nothingness; also trouble, vanity, wickedness; specifically an idol
#6
אָ֣כְלוּ
H398
as they eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#7
עַ֭מִּי
H5971
my people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#8
אָ֣כְלוּ
H398
as they eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#9
לֶ֑חֶם
H3899
bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
#10
יְ֝הוָ֗ה
H3068
not upon the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#11
לֹ֣א
H3808
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#12
קָרָֽאוּ׃
H7121
and call
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection