Psalms 103:8

Authorized King James Version

The LORD is merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
רַח֣וּם
is merciful
compassionate
#2
וְחַנּ֣וּן
and gracious
gracious
#3
יְהוָ֑ה
The LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#4
אֶ֖רֶךְ
slow
long
#5
אַפַּ֣יִם
to anger
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
#6
וְרַב
and plenteous
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#7
חָֽסֶד׃
in mercy
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing mercy contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection