Proverbs 15:4

Authorized King James Version

A wholesome tongue is a tree of life: but perverseness therein is a breach in the spirit.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מַרְפֵּ֣א
A wholesome
properly, curative, i.e., literally (concretely) a medicine, or (abstractly) a cure; figuratively (concretely) deliverance, or (abstractly) placidity
#2
לָ֭שׁוֹן
tongue
the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame,
#3
עֵ֣ץ
is a tree
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#4
חַיִּ֑ים
of life
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#5
וְסֶ֥לֶף
but perverseness
distortion, i.e., (figuratively) viciousness
#6
בָּ֝֗הּ
H0
#7
שֶׁ֣בֶר
therein is a breach
a fracture, figuratively, ruin; specifically, a solution (of a dream)
#8
בְּרֽוּחַ׃
in the spirit
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing life contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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