Psalms 109:22

Authorized King James Version

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For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.

Original Language Analysis

כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 7
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
עָנִ֣י For I am poor H6041
עָנִ֣י For I am poor
Strong's: H6041
Word #: 2 of 7
depressed, in mind or circumstances
וְאֶבְי֣וֹן and needy H34
וְאֶבְי֣וֹן and needy
Strong's: H34
Word #: 3 of 7
destitute
אָנֹ֑כִי H595
אָנֹ֑כִי
Strong's: H595
Word #: 4 of 7
i
וְ֝לִבִּ֗י and my heart H3820
וְ֝לִבִּ֗י and my heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 5 of 7
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
חָלַ֥ל is wounded H2490
חָלַ֥ל is wounded
Strong's: H2490
Word #: 6 of 7
properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin
בְּקִרְבִּֽי׃ within H7130
בְּקִרְבִּֽי׃ within
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)

Analysis & Commentary

For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me. David declares his condition using ani (עָנִי, poor/afflicted) and evyon (אֶבְיוֹן, needy), terms denoting socioeconomic vulnerability but primarily spiritual destitution. The phrase my heart is wounded uses chalal (חָלַל), meaning pierced or slain, describing trauma deeper than physical suffering.

This self-description grounds David's imprecatory prayers (verses 6-19) in genuine affliction, not vindictive spite. The wounded heart reveals emotional and spiritual anguish—betrayal by a trusted friend (verse 4) has left him psychologically devastated. This parallels Christ's experience, who quoted this psalm (verse 8 in Acts 1:20) and knew intimate betrayal by Judas.

The poverty David describes transcends material lack, encompassing complete dependence on God for vindication and deliverance. Like the anawim (the humble poor) throughout Scripture, David positions himself as one who has nowhere to turn but to God's mercy. This spiritual poverty anticipates Jesus's beatitude: "Blessed are the poor in spirit" (Matthew 5:3).

Historical Context

Psalm 109 is a lament psalm attributed to David, likely written during Absalom's rebellion or another period of betrayal by trusted associates. The imprecatory nature (cursing enemies) was understood as calling for divine justice, not personal revenge, within Israel's covenant framework. The early church recognized this psalm as messianic, seeing David's betrayal as typological of Christ's betrayal by Judas.

Questions for Reflection