Psalms 109:21

Authorized King James Version

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But do thou for me, O GOD the Lord, for thy name's sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me.

Original Language Analysis

וְאַתָּ֤ה׀ H859
וְאַתָּ֤ה׀
Strong's: H859
Word #: 1 of 11
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
יְה֘וִ֤ה thou for me O GOD H3069
יְה֘וִ֤ה thou for me O GOD
Strong's: H3069
Word #: 2 of 11
god
אֲדֹנָ֗י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֗י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 3 of 11
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
עֲֽשֵׂה But do H6213
עֲֽשֵׂה But do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 4 of 11
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
אִ֭תִּי H854
אִ֭תִּי
Strong's: H854
Word #: 5 of 11
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
לְמַ֣עַן H4616
לְמַ֣עַן
Strong's: H4616
Word #: 6 of 11
properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that
שְׁמֶ֑ךָ for thy name's H8034
שְׁמֶ֑ךָ for thy name's
Strong's: H8034
Word #: 7 of 11
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
כִּי H3588
כִּי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 8 of 11
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
ט֥וֹב is good H2896
ט֥וֹב is good
Strong's: H2896
Word #: 9 of 11
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
חַ֝סְדְּךָ֗ sake because thy mercy H2617
חַ֝סְדְּךָ֗ sake because thy mercy
Strong's: H2617
Word #: 10 of 11
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
הַצִּילֵֽנִי׃ deliver H5337
הַצִּילֵֽנִי׃ deliver
Strong's: H5337
Word #: 11 of 11
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense

Analysis & Commentary

"But do thou for me, O GOD the Lord, for thy name's sake: because thy mercy is good, deliver thou me." This verse shifts from imprecation against enemies to petition for personal deliverance. Ve'atah Adonai YHWH aseh itti l'ma'an shemekha (But you, Lord YHWH, do for me for your name's sake) grounds the appeal in God's reputation and character, not the psalmist's merit. L'ma'an shemekha (for your name's sake) indicates concern for divine honor—God's reputation is at stake when His servants suffer unjustly. Ki tov chasdekha (because good is your mercy/lovingkindness) affirms God's character. Tov (good) means beneficial, pleasant, agreeable, morally right. Chesed (mercy/lovingkindness/covenant loyalty) is God's faithful love. The plea hatsileini (deliver me) requests rescue. The basis: God's name/reputation and His good mercy—not human worthiness.

Historical Context

Appeals to God's name appear frequently in Scripture when God's reputation is threatened by His people's suffering. Moses interceded after golden calf: "Why should Egyptians say, 'He brought them out to harm them'?" (Exodus 32:11-14). Joshua prayed similarly after Ai's defeat (Joshua 7:9). The prophets appealed to God's name (Jeremiah 14:7, Ezekiel 20:9). The logic: if God's covenant people are destroyed or permanently oppressed, God's power and faithfulness are questioned by watching nations. This isn't manipulative but theologically sound—God is jealous for His glory (Isaiah 48:9-11), and His reputation is bound to His people's welfare. The New Testament similarly appeals to God's name and character (Romans 2:24, James 2:7).

Questions for Reflection