Psalms 69:29

Authorized King James Version

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But I am poor and sorrowful: let thy salvation, O God, set me up on high.

Original Language Analysis

וַ֭אֲנִי H589
וַ֭אֲנִי
Strong's: H589
Word #: 1 of 6
i
עָנִ֣י But I am poor H6041
עָנִ֣י But I am poor
Strong's: H6041
Word #: 2 of 6
depressed, in mind or circumstances
וְכוֹאֵ֑ב and sorrowful H3510
וְכוֹאֵ֑ב and sorrowful
Strong's: H3510
Word #: 3 of 6
properly, to feel pain; by implication, to grieve; figuratively, to spoil
יְשׁוּעָתְךָ֖ let thy salvation H3444
יְשׁוּעָתְךָ֖ let thy salvation
Strong's: H3444
Word #: 4 of 6
something saved, i.e., (abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory, prosperity
אֱלֹהִ֣ים O God H430
אֱלֹהִ֣ים O God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 5 of 6
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִי׃ set me up on high H7682
תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִי׃ set me up on high
Strong's: H7682
Word #: 6 of 6
to be (causatively, make) lofty, especially inaccessible; by implication, safe, strong; used literally and figuratively

Analysis & Commentary

But I am poor and sorrowful: let thy salvation, O God, set me up on high. After intense imprecations (verses 22-28), David returns to personal lament and petition, creating striking contrast between his condition and enemies'. "I am poor" (עָנִי/ani) means afflicted, humble, brought low—not merely financially poor but comprehensively crushed and vulnerable. "Sorrowful" (כּוֹאֵב/ko'ev) indicates physical and emotional pain, the kind of deep anguish that affects the whole person.

The "but" (וַאֲנִי/va'ani) creates deliberate contrast: while enemies prosper temporarily, David suffers; yet while he prays judgment on them, he prays salvation for himself. The difference isn't merit but trust. David casts himself on God's mercy despite his poverty and pain. "Let thy salvation" (יְשׁוּעָתְךָ/yeshu'atekha) uses the root that gives us Jesus's Hebrew name (Yeshua/Joshua)—salvation, deliverance, rescue.

"Set me up on high" (תְּשַׂגְּבֵנִי/tesaggveini) prays for exaltation—lifting from the pit to heights, from despair to hope, from death to life. This anticipates Christ, who through poverty and sorrow was exalted to God's right hand (Philippians 2:5-11). It also reflects biblical pattern: God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble (James 4:6, 1 Peter 5:6).

Historical Context

The transition from imprecation to personal lament reflects ancient Near Eastern lament psalm structure, where the sufferer describes enemies, appeals for judgment, then returns to personal petition. This isn't schizophrenic but theologically coherent: God's justice requires judging wickedness and delivering righteousness. The two petitions complement rather than contradict.

David's self-description as "poor and sorrowful" echoes the Psalter's consistent theme of the anawim—the poor, humble, afflicted ones who trust God while being oppressed by the wicked (Psalm 9:18, 10:2, 12:5, 14:6, 25:16, 34:6, 37:14, 40:17). This became central to biblical piety: God sides with the downtrodden against oppressors, hears the cry of the afflicted, and vindicates the humble.

Jesus embodied this perfectly, becoming "poor" though He was rich (2 Corinthians 8:9), a "man of sorrows" (Isaiah 53:3), yet exalted to the highest place (Philippians 2:9-11).

Questions for Reflection