Obadiah 1:17
But upon mount Zion shall be deliverance, and there shall be holiness; and the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
For Obadiah's audience—Jews suffering exile or its aftermath—this promise was desperately needed hope. Jerusalem lay in ruins, the temple destroyed, the land occupied by enemies, and covenant promises seemingly nullified. Edom's treachery during Jerusalem's fall (verses 10-14) made the wound even deeper. Where was deliverance? Where was holiness? How would they possess their possessions when everything was lost?
God's answer through Obadiah: Mount Zion—representing God's presence and covenant faithfulness—would become the source of deliverance. Though currently devastated, Zion's future was secure because God's promises are irrevocable. The physical return from exile under Cyrus, Zerubbabel, Ezra, and Nehemiah began this restoration. Jerusalem was rebuilt, the temple reconstructed, and covenant worship restored.
Yet the full reality awaited Christ. Jesus ascended from the Mount of Olives near Jerusalem (Acts 1:9-12), guaranteeing His return to establish His kingdom. The early church understood itself as spiritual Zion—the place where God dwells by His Spirit (1 Peter 2:4-10). Hebrews 12:22-24 declares believers have come "unto mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem." The promise continues to its consummation when Christ returns and God's people inherit the new heavens and new earth—possessing fully the inheritance secured by Christ's redemptive work.
Questions for Reflection
- How does Mount Zion as the place of deliverance point to Christ as our ultimate refuge and salvation?
- What does it mean for believers to be characterized by holiness—set apart for God—in daily life and conduct?
- In what ways have you experienced restoration of inheritance—spiritual blessings that sin or circumstances had stolen?
- How does the promise that "the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions" assure you that God's covenant promises will be fully realized?
- How should the certainty of future restoration affect your response to present losses, injustices, or discouragements?
Analysis & Commentary
But upon mount Zion shall be deliverance, and there shall be holiness; and the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions. After pronouncing judgment on Edom and the nations, Obadiah pivots dramatically with "But" (וּ, ve)—introducing contrast between the nations' fate and Zion's future. "Upon mount Zion shall be deliverance" (וּבְהַר צִיּוֹן תִּהְיֶה פְלֵיטָה, uvehar tziyon tihyeh peleytah) promises that while Edom and hostile nations face judgment, Zion—representing God's covenant people—will experience escape, deliverance, and salvation.
"And there shall be holiness" (וְהָיָה קֹדֶשׁ, vehayah qodesh) indicates not merely ritual purity but comprehensive consecration to God. Zion will be set apart, sanctified, dwelling in covenant relationship with the Holy One. This contrasts sharply with the defilement and violence characterizing Edom and rebellious nations. Holiness is both God's gift to His people and their calling—separated from sin and dedicated to God's purposes.
"And the house of Jacob shall possess their possessions" (וְיָרְשׁוּ בֵּית יַעֲקֹב אֵת מוֹרָשֵׁיהֶם, veyareshu beit ya'akov et moreshehem) promises restoration of inheritance. The verb יָרַשׁ (yarash) means to dispossess, inherit, or take possession—the same word used for Israel's conquest of Canaan. What enemies had taken will be restored; what God promised will be fulfilled. The covenant land and blessings will return to their rightful recipients.
This verse has multiple fulfillments. Immediately, it encouraged exiles that despite Babylon's devastation and Edom's treachery, God would restore Israel. Historically, the return from exile (538 BC onward) partially fulfilled this. Yet the ultimate fulfillment is eschatological and spiritual—in Christ. He is the true Zion (Hebrews 12:22-24), the place of deliverance and holiness. Believers in Christ are the house of Jacob—Jew and Gentile united—who inherit all covenant promises (Romans 9:6-8, Galatians 3:29, Ephesians 3:6). The New Jerusalem is the ultimate Mount Zion where God's people dwell in holiness forever (Revelation 21-22).