Numbers 20:11

Authorized King James Version

And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice: and the water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their beasts also.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיָּ֨רֶם
lifted up
to be high actively, to rise or raise (in various applications, literally or figuratively)
#2
מֹשֶׁ֜ה
And Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
יָד֗וֹ
his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#5
וַיַּ֧ךְ
he smote
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#6
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
הַסֶּ֛לַע
the rock
a craggy rock, literally or figuratively (a fortress)
#8
בְּמַטֵּ֖הוּ
and with his rod
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
#9
פַּֽעֲמָ֑יִם
twice
a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)
#10
וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙
came out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#11
מַ֣יִם
and the water
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#12
רַבִּ֔ים
abundantly
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#13
וַתֵּ֥שְׁתְּ
drank
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
#14
הָֽעֵדָ֖ה
and the congregation
a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)
#15
וּבְעִירָֽם׃
and their beasts
cattle

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Numbers Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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