Isaiah 9:2

Authorized King James Version

The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light: they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הָעָם֙
The people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#2
הַהֹלְכִ֣ים
that walked
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#3
בַּחֹ֔שֶׁךְ
in darkness
the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness
#4
רָא֖וּ
have seen
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#5
א֖וֹר
light
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
#6
גָּד֑וֹל
a great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#7
יֹשְׁבֵי֙
they that dwell
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#8
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#9
צַלְמָ֔וֶת
of the shadow of death
shade of death, i.e., the grave (figuratively, calamity)
#10
א֖וֹר
light
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
#11
נָגַ֥הּ
shined
to glitter; causatively, to illuminate
#12
עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People