Isaiah 42:22

Authorized King James Version

But this is a people robbed and spoiled; they are all of them snared in holes, and they are hid in prison houses: they are for a prey, and none delivereth; for a spoil, and none saith, Restore.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהוּא֮
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#2
עַם
But this is a people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#3
בָּז֣וּז
robbed
to plunder
#4
וְשָׁסוּי֒
and spoiled
to plunder
#5
הָפֵ֤חַ
they are all of them snared
to spread a net
#6
בַּֽחוּרִים֙
in holes
the crevice of a serpent; the cell of a prison
#7
כֻּלָּ֔ם
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#8
וּבְבָתֵּ֥י
houses
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#9
כְלָאִ֖ים
in prison
a prison
#10
הָחְבָּ֑אוּ
and they are hid
to secrete
#11
הָי֤וּ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#12
לָבַז֙
they are for a prey
plunder
#13
וְאֵ֣ין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#14
מַצִּ֔יל
and none delivereth
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#15
מְשִׁסָּ֖ה
for a spoil
plunder
#16
וְאֵין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#17
אֹמֵ֥ר
and none saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#18
הָשַֽׁב׃
Restore
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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