Genesis 39:4

Authorized King James Version

And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּמְצָ֨א
found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#2
יוֹסֵ֥ף
And Joseph
joseph, the name of seven israelites
#3
חֵ֛ן
grace
graciousness, i.e., subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)
#4
בְּעֵינָ֖יו
in his sight
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#5
וַיְשָׁ֣רֶת
and he served
to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to
#6
אֹת֑וֹ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
וַיַּפְקִדֵ֙הוּ֙
him and he made him overseer
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
#8
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#9
בֵּית֔וֹ
over his house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#10
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#11
יֶשׁ
and all that he had
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
#12
ל֖וֹ
H0
#13
נָתַ֥ן
he put
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#14
בְּיָדֽוֹ׃
into his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of grace connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about grace, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes grace in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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