Genesis 32:4

Authorized King James Version

And he commanded them, saying, Thus shall ye speak unto my lord Esau; Thy servant Jacob saith thus, I have sojourned with Laban, and stayed there until now:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְצַ֤ו
And he commanded
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#2
אֹתָם֙
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
אָמַר֙
Thus shall ye speak
to say (used with great latitude)
#4
כֹּ֣ה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#5
אָמַר֙
Thus shall ye speak
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
לַֽאדֹנִ֖י
unto my lord
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#7
לְעֵשָׂ֑ו
Esau
esav, a son of isaac, including his posterity
#8
כֹּ֤ה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#9
אָמַר֙
Thus shall ye speak
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
עַבְדְּךָ֣
Thy servant
a servant
#11
יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב
Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#12
עִם
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#13
לָבָ֣ן
with Laban
laban, a place in the desert
#14
גַּ֔רְתִּי
thus I have sojourned
properly, to turn aside from the road (for a lodging or any other purpose), i.e., sojourn (as a guest); also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place);
#15
וָֽאֵחַ֖ר
and stayed there
to loiter (i.e., be behind); by implication to procrastinate
#16
עַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#17
עָֽתָּה׃
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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