Genesis 3:8

Authorized King James Version

And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֞וּ
And they heard
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
ק֨וֹל
the voice
a voice or sound
#4
יְהוָ֣ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#5
אֱלֹהִ֔ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#6
מִתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ
walking
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#7
הַגָּֽן׃
in the garden
a garden (as fenced)
#8
לְר֣וּחַ
in the cool
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the
#9
הַיּ֑וֹם
of the day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#10
וַיִּתְחַבֵּ֨א
hid themselves
to secrete
#11
הָֽאָדָ֜ם
and Adam
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#12
וְאִשְׁתּ֗וֹ
and his wife
a woman
#13
מִפְּנֵי֙
from the presence
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#14
יְהוָ֣ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#15
אֱלֹהִ֔ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#16
בְּת֖וֹךְ
amongst
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
#17
עֵ֥ץ
the trees
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#18
הַגָּֽן׃
in the garden
a garden (as fenced)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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