Ecclesiastes 8:5

Authorized King James Version

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Whoso keepeth the commandment shall feel no evil thing: and a wise man's heart discerneth both time and judgment.

Original Language Analysis

שׁוֹמֵ֣ר Whoso keepeth H8104
שׁוֹמֵ֣ר Whoso keepeth
Strong's: H8104
Word #: 1 of 11
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
מִצְוָ֔ה the commandment H4687
מִצְוָ֔ה the commandment
Strong's: H4687
Word #: 2 of 11
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
לֹ֥א H3808
לֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 3 of 11
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יֵדַ֖ע discerneth H3045
יֵדַ֖ע discerneth
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 4 of 11
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
דָּבָ֣ר thing H1697
דָּבָ֣ר thing
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 5 of 11
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
רָ֑ע no evil H7451
רָ֑ע no evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 6 of 11
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
וְעֵ֣ת both time H6256
וְעֵ֣ת both time
Strong's: H6256
Word #: 7 of 11
time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc
וּמִשְׁפָּ֔ט and judgment H4941
וּמִשְׁפָּ֔ט and judgment
Strong's: H4941
Word #: 8 of 11
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
יֵדַ֖ע discerneth H3045
יֵדַ֖ע discerneth
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 9 of 11
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
לֵ֥ב heart H3820
לֵ֥ב heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 10 of 11
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
חָכָֽם׃ and a wise man's H2450
חָכָֽם׃ and a wise man's
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 11 of 11
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)

Analysis & Commentary

Whoso keepeth the commandment shall feel no evil thing. The Hebrew shomer mitzvah (שׁוֹמֵר מִצְוָה, keeps the commandment) promises protection to the obedient. In context, 'commandment' refers to the king's decree (v. 2-4), but the principle extends to God's commands. Obedience provides security—keeping commandments avoids the calamity disobedience brings. The phrase 'feel no evil thing' (lo yeda davar ra, לֹא־יֵדַע דָּבָר רָע) means experiencing no harm or evil consequence.

And a wise man's heart discerneth both time and judgment. Wisdom involves da'at (יָדַע, knowing/discerning) the right et (עֵת, time/season) and mishpat (מִשְׁפָּט, judgment/proper manner). The wise person knows not just what to do but when and how to do it. This echoes chapter 3's teaching about appointed times. Prudence requires timing—even right actions performed at wrong moments may fail. Wisdom discerns kairos (opportune moment), not just chronos (sequential time). This anticipates New Testament wisdom: Paul urged making 'the most of every opportunity' (Ephesians 5:16) and acting appropriately 'in season and out of season' (2 Timothy 4:2).

Historical Context

In monarchical contexts, knowing when to speak, when to stay silent, when to act, and when to wait often determined survival. Esther demonstrated this wisdom—discerning the right time to approach the king (Esther 5:1-8). Daniel showed both obedience to authority and discernment of when to maintain loyal dissent (Daniel 1:8-16; 6:10). The principle that obedience brings protection appears throughout Scripture—covenant blessings follow obedience (Deuteronomy 28:1-14), while disobedience brings curses. Yet this isn't mechanical—the righteous sometimes suffer (as Ecclesiastes elsewhere acknowledges). The promise is general wisdom, not absolute guarantee. Full protection comes only in Christ, where obedience to God brings eternal security regardless of temporal circumstances (Romans 8:31-39).

Questions for Reflection