Exodus 1:17

Authorized King James Version

But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men children alive.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתִּירֶ֤אןָ
feared
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#2
הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙
But the midwives
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#5
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#6
עָשׂ֔וּ
and did
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#7
כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
דִּבֶּ֥ר
commanded
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#9
אֲלֵיהֶ֖ן
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
מֶ֣לֶךְ
not as the king
a king
#11
מִצְרָ֑יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#12
וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ
alive
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#13
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#14
הַיְלָדִֽים׃
the men children
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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