Ruth 4:7

Authorized King James Version

Now this was the manner in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning changing, for to confirm all things; a man plucked off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour: and this was a testimony in Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְזֹאת֩
this (often used adverb)
#2
לְפָנִ֨ים
Now this was the manner in former time
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#3
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
in Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
הַגְּאֻלָּ֤ה
concerning redeeming
redemption (including the right and the object); by implication, relationship
#6
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
הַתְּמוּרָה֙
and concerning changing
barter, compensation
#8
לְקַיֵּ֣ם
for to confirm
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#9
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#10
דָּבָ֔ר
all things
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#11
שָׁלַ֥ף
plucked off
to pull out, up or off
#12
אִ֛ישׁ
a man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#13
נַֽעֲל֖וֹ
his shoe
properly, a sandal tongue; by extension a sandal or slipper (sometimes as a symbol of occupancy, a refusal to marry, or of something valueless)
#14
וְנָתַ֣ן
and gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#15
לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ
it to his neighbour
an associate (more or less close)
#16
וְזֹ֥את
this (often used adverb)
#17
הַתְּעוּדָ֖ה
and this was a testimony
attestation, i.e., a precept, usage
#18
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
in Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

Within the broader context of Ruth, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Ruth.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Ruth Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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