Philemon - Authorized King James Version (KJV)

Introduction

Philemon is an epistle (letter) in the New Testament written to address specific circumstances, challenges, and questions in the early Christian church. The letter combines theological instruction with practical exhortation, demonstrating the connection between Christian doctrine and everyday living.

Like other New Testament epistles, Philemon addresses particular situations while establishing principles with broader application. The letter reflects the apostolic authority of its author and the normative teaching of the early church, contributing to the development of Christian theology and practice.

Throughout Philemon, readers can observe the practical outworking of the gospel in community life, personal ethics, and spiritual development. The letter demonstrates how Christ's finished work transforms individual believers and reshapes their relationships and priorities.

Historical Context

Philemon was written during Paul's Roman imprisonment (c. 60-62 CE) to request forgiveness for Onesimus, a runaway slave who had become a Christian. The letter addresses slavery within Christian relationships.

Slavery Context

Roman slavery was widespread and legally protected, making Paul's request for Onesimus's reception revolutionary. The letter demonstrates Christian principles transforming social relationships without directly attacking institutional structures.

Major Themes

The book develops several significant theological themes:

Christology

Jesus Christ's person and work form the foundation for Christian faith and practice. The book explores aspects of Christ's identity, incarnation, atoning death, resurrection, and present ministry.

Soteriology

Salvation through Christ involves multiple dimensions including justification, reconciliation, redemption, and sanctification. This salvation comes by grace through faith and transforms believers' identity and destiny.

Ecclesiology

The church as Christ's body has both unity and diversity, with various gifts contributing to the community's health and mission. Members have mutual responsibilities and share a common identity in Christ.

Ethics

Christian behavior flows from gospel transformation rather than mere rule-keeping. Ethical instructions address relationships, attitudes, speech, and conduct as expressions of new life in Christ.

Key Passages

Read Complete Philemon Commentary

"Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth."
2 Timothy 2:15