Ruth 4:11

Authorized King James Version

And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Beth-lehem:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#3
הָעָ֧ם
And all the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#4
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
בַּשַּׁ֛עַר
that were in the gate
an opening, i.e., door or gate
#6
וְהַזְּקֵנִ֖ים
and the elders
old
#7
עֵדִ֑ים
We are witnesses
concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e., prince
#8
יִתֵּן֩
make
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#9
יְהוָ֨ה
The LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
אֶֽת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
הָאִשָּׁ֜ה
the woman
a woman
#12
הַבָּאָ֣ה
that is come
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#13
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#14
בֵּ֣ית
into thine house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#15
כְּרָחֵ֤ל׀
like Rachel
rachel, a wife of jacob
#16
וּכְלֵאָה֙
and like Leah
leah, a wife of jacob
#17
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#18
בָּנ֤וּ
did build
to build (literally and figuratively)
#19
שְׁתֵּיהֶם֙
which two
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#20
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#21
בֵּ֣ית
into thine house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#22
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#23
וַֽעֲשֵׂה
and do
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#24
חַ֣יִל
thou worthily
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
#25
בְּאֶפְרָ֔תָה
in Ephratah
ephrath, another name for bethlehem
#26
וּקְרָא
and be famous
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#27
שֵׁ֖ם
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#28
בְּבֵ֥ית
H0
#29
לָֽחֶם׃
in Bethlehem
beth-lechem, a place in palestine

Analysis

Within the broader context of Ruth, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Ruth.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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