Romans 1:23

Authorized King James Version

And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and fourfooted beasts, and creeping things.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ἤλλαξαν
changed
to make different
#3
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
δόξαν
the glory
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
#5
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
ἀφθάρτου
of the uncorruptible
undecaying (in essence or continuance)
#7
θεοῦ
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#8
ἐν
into
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#9
ὁμοιώματι
made like
a form; abstractly, resemblance
#10
εἰκόνος
an image
a likeness, i.e., (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance
#11
φθαρτοῦ
to corruptible
decayed, i.e., (by implication) perishable
#12
ἀνθρώπου
man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#13
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
πετεινῶν
to birds
a flying animal, i.e., bird
#15
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
τετραπόδων
fourfooted beasts
a quadruped
#17
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#18
ἑρπετῶν
creeping things
a reptile, i.e., (by hebraism (compare h7431)) a small animal

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Romans. The concept of glory reflects justification by faith as the foundation of Christian hope. The divine name or title here functions within systematic theological exposition of the gospel to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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