Psalms 91:1

Authorized King James Version

He that dwelleth in the secret place of the most High shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יֹ֭שֵׁב
He that dwelleth
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#2
בְּסֵ֣תֶר
in the secret
a cover (in a good or a bad, a literal or a figurative sense)
#3
עֶלְי֑וֹן
place of the most High
an elevation, i.e., (adjectively) lofty (comparatively); as title, the supreme
#4
בְּצֵ֥ל
under the shadow
shade, whether literal or figurative
#5
שַׁ֝דַּ֗י
of the Almighty
the almighty
#6
יִתְלוֹנָֽן׃
shall abide
to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection