Psalms 69:21

Authorized King James Version

They gave me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּתְּנ֣וּ
H5414
They gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
בְּבָרוּתִ֣י
H1267
for my meat
food
#3
רֹ֑אשׁ
H7219
me also gall
a poisonous plant, probably the poppy (from its conspicuous head); generally poison (even of serpents)
#4
וְ֝לִצְמָאִ֗י
H6772
and in my thirst
thirst (literally or figuratively)
#5
יַשְׁק֥וּנִי
H8248
to drink
to quaff, i.e., (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to
#6
חֹֽמֶץ׃
H2558
they gave me vinegar
vinegar

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection