Psalms 45:2

Authorized King James Version

Thou art fairer than the children of men: grace is poured into thy lips: therefore God hath blessed thee for ever.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יָפְיָפִ֡יתָ
Thou art fairer
properly, to be bright, i.e., (by implication) beautiful
#2
מִבְּנֵ֬י
than the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#3
אָדָ֗ם
of men
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#4
ה֣וּצַק
is poured
properly, to pour out (transitive or intransitive); by implication, to melt or cast as metal; by extension, to place firmly, to stiffen or grow hard
#5
חֵ֭ן
grace
graciousness, i.e., subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)
#6
בְּשְׂפְתוֹתֶ֑יךָ
into thy lips
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
#7
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
כֵּ֤ן
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#9
בֵּֽרַכְךָ֖
hath blessed
to kneel; by implication to bless god (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (god or the king, as
#10
אֱלֹהִ֣ים
therefore God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#11
לְעוֹלָֽם׃
thee for ever
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to Psalms. The concept of grace reflects the development of divine love within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes charis in Greek or hen in Hebrew, emphasizing unmerited divine favor, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood grace. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection