Psalms 19:8

Authorized King James Version

The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
פִּקּ֘וּדֵ֤י
The statutes
properly, appointed, i.e., a mandate (of god; plural only, collectively, for the law)
#2
יְהוָ֥ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
יְ֭שָׁרִים
are right
straight (literally or figuratively)
#4
מְשַׂמְּחֵי
rejoicing
probably to brighten up, i.e., (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome
#5
לֵ֑ב
the heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#6
מִצְוַ֥ת
the commandment
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
#7
יְהוָ֥ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
בָּ֝רָ֗ה
is pure
beloved; also pure, empty
#9
מְאִירַ֥ת
enlightening
to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
#10
עֵינָֽיִם׃
the eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection