Psalms 107:40

Authorized King James Version

He poureth contempt upon princes, and causeth them to wander in the wilderness, where there is no way.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שֹׁפֵ֣ךְ
He poureth
to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc
#2
בּ֭וּז
contempt
disrespect
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
נְדִיבִ֑ים
upon princes
properly, voluntary, i.e., generous; hence, magnanimous; as noun, a grandee (sometimes a tyrant)
#5
וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם
and causeth them to wander
to vacillate, i.e., reel or stray (literally or figuratively); also causative of both
#6
בְּתֹ֣הוּ
in the wilderness
a desolation (of surface), i.e., desert; figuratively, a worthless thing; adverbially, in vain
#7
לֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#8
דָֽרֶךְ׃
where there is no way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection