Proverbs 14:16

Authorized King James Version

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A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil: but the fool rageth, and is confident.

Original Language Analysis

חָכָ֣ם A wise H2450
חָכָ֣ם A wise
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 1 of 7
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
יָ֭רֵא man feareth H3373
יָ֭רֵא man feareth
Strong's: H3373
Word #: 2 of 7
fearing; morally, reverent
וְסָ֣ר and departeth H5493
וְסָ֣ר and departeth
Strong's: H5493
Word #: 3 of 7
to turn off (literally or figuratively)
מֵרָ֑ע from evil H7451
מֵרָ֑ע from evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 4 of 7
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
וּ֝כְסִ֗יל but the fool H3684
וּ֝כְסִ֗יל but the fool
Strong's: H3684
Word #: 5 of 7
properly, fat, i.e., (figuratively) stupid or silly
מִתְעַבֵּ֥ר rageth H5674
מִתְעַבֵּ֥ר rageth
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 6 of 7
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
וּבוֹטֵֽחַ׃ and is confident H982
וּבוֹטֵֽחַ׃ and is confident
Strong's: H982
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, to hie for refuge (but not so precipitately as h2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure

Analysis & Commentary

This proverb contrasts wise caution with foolish recklessness. "A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil" describes prudent behavior. Chakham yare vesur mera (חָכָם יָרֵא וְסָר מֵרָע, wise fears and turns from evil). Yare (יָרֵא, fear, revere) leads to sur (סָר, turning aside, departing) from ra (רָע, evil, harm). Wisdom recognizes danger and avoids it.

"But the fool rageth, and is confident" reveals foolish audacity. Ukhesil mit'abber uvotech (וּכְסִיל מִתְעַבֵּר וּבוֹטֵחַ, but fool rages and is confident). Abar (עָבַר, pass over, transgress) in reflexive form suggests arrogant self-confidence. Batach (בָּטַח, trust, be confident, feel secure) describes the fool's false assurance despite obvious danger.

The proverb addresses risk assessment. The wise fear God and consequences, leading to avoiding evil. Fools, lacking proper fear, charge ahead confidently into disaster. Proverbs 22:3 states: "A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself: but the simple pass on, and are punished." Fear of the LORD is wisdom's beginning (Proverbs 9:10). Without it, people confidently pursue destruction. Hebrews 11:7 commends Noah who "moved with fear, prepared an ark." Christians should fear God, not people (Matthew 10:28), and flee temptation (1 Corinthians 6:18, 10:14, 2 Timothy 2:22).

Historical Context

Ancient warfare, travel, and daily life involved real dangers. Wise people assessed risks—avoiding enemy strongholds, testing bridges, watching for wild animals. Fools recklessly charged ahead, trusting luck or false confidence. Military disasters often resulted from leaders' arrogant self-confidence despite warnings (1 Kings 22:1-40). The proverb urged prudent fear over foolish presumption.

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