Philippians 1:11

Authorized King James Version

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Being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are by Jesus Christ, unto the glory and praise of God.

Original Language Analysis

πεπληρωμένοι Being filled G4137
πεπληρωμένοι Being filled
Strong's: G4137
Word #: 1 of 12
to make replete, i.e., (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish (or imbue, diffuse, influence), satisfy, execute
καρπῶν with the fruits G2590
καρπῶν with the fruits
Strong's: G2590
Word #: 2 of 12
fruit (as plucked), literally or figuratively
δικαιοσύνης of righteousness G1343
δικαιοσύνης of righteousness
Strong's: G1343
Word #: 3 of 12
equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification
τῶν which G3588
τῶν which
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 4 of 12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
διὰ are by G1223
διὰ are by
Strong's: G1223
Word #: 5 of 12
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
Ἰησοῦ Jesus G2424
Ἰησοῦ Jesus
Strong's: G2424
Word #: 6 of 12
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
Χριστοῦ Christ G5547
Χριστοῦ Christ
Strong's: G5547
Word #: 7 of 12
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
εἰς unto G1519
εἰς unto
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 8 of 12
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
δόξαν the glory G1391
δόξαν the glory
Strong's: G1391
Word #: 9 of 12
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 10 of 12
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἔπαινον praise G1868
ἔπαινον praise
Strong's: G1868
Word #: 11 of 12
laudation; concretely, a commendable thing
θεοῦ of God G2316
θεοῦ of God
Strong's: G2316
Word #: 12 of 12
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

Analysis & Commentary

Being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are by Jesus Christ, unto the glory and praise of God (πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, peplērōmenoi karpon dikaiosynēs ton dia Iēsou Christou)—Peplērōmenoi (perfect passive participle, "having been filled") indicates completed action with ongoing results: believers are filled and remain filled. Karpon ("fruit," singular) suggests unified harvest of righteousness, not scattered virtues.

Righteousness (δικαιοσύνη, dikaiosynē) here is practical sanctification—righteous living, not imputed righteousness (though that's foundational). Crucially, these fruits are by Jesus Christ (διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, dia Iēsou Christou)—through His agency, not self-generated morality. The ultimate purpose: unto the glory and praise of God (εἰς δόξαν καὶ ἔπαινον θεοῦ, eis doxan kai epainon theou). Righteous fruit glorifies God, not the fruit-bearer. This verse completes Paul's prayer (vv. 9-11): love → discernment → excellence → righteousness → God's glory.

Historical Context

The fruit metaphor echoes Jesus's vine-branches teaching (John 15:1-8) and OT covenant blessings (Ps 1:3; Jer 17:7-8). Paul's emphasis on righteousness 'by Jesus Christ' countered both Jewish works-righteousness and Gentile self-improvement ethics. Glory and praise directed to God alone reflects Jewish monotheism against Greco-Roman self-glorification and patron-client reciprocity.

Questions for Reflection