Matthew 3:12

Authorized King James Version

Whose fan is in his hand, and he will throughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὗ
Whose
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#2
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
πτύον
fan
a winnowing-fork (as scattering like spittle)
#4
ἐν
is in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#5
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
χειρὶ
hand
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
#7
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#9
διακαθαριεῖ
he will throughly purge
to cleanse perfectly, i.e., (specially) winnow
#10
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ἅλωνα
floor
a threshing-floor (as rolled hard), i.e., (figuratively) the grain (and chaff, as just threshed)
#12
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#13
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
συνάξει
gather
to lead together, i.e., collect or convene; specially, to entertain (hospitably)
#15
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
σῖτον
wheat
grain, especially wheat
#17
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#18
εἰς
into
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#19
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
ἀποθήκην
the garner
a repository, i.e., granary
#21
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#23
ἄχυρον
the chaff
chaff (as diffusive)
#24
κατακαύσει
he will burn up
to burn down (to the ground), i.e., consume wholly
#25
πυρὶ
fire
"fire" (literally or figuratively, specially, lightning)
#26
ἀσβέστῳ
with unquenchable
not extinguished, i.e., (by implication) perpetual

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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