Matthew 26:38

Authorized King James Version

Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τότε
Then
the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)
#2
λέγει
saith he
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#3
αὐτοῖς
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
Περίλυπός
exceeding sorrowful
grieved all around, i.e., intensely sad
#5
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
ψυχή
soul
breath, i.e., (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from g4151, wh
#8
μου
My
of me
#9
ἕως
even unto
a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)
#10
θανάτου·
death
(properly, an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively)
#11
μείνατε
tarry ye
to stay (in a given place, state, relation or expectancy)
#12
ὧδε
here
in this same spot, i.e., here or hither
#13
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
γρηγορεῖτε
watch
to keep awake, i.e., watch (literally or figuratively)
#15
μετ'
with
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
#16
ἐμοῦ
me
of me

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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