Luke 22:30

Authorized King James Version

That ye may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἵνα
G2443
That
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#2
ἐσθίητε
G2068
ye may eat
used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by g5315; to eat (usually literal)
#3
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#4
πίνητε
G4095
drink
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
#5
ἐπὶ
G1909
at
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#6
τῆς
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
τραπέζης
G5132
table
a table or stool (as being four-legged), usually for food (figuratively, a meal); also a counter for money (figuratively, a broker's office for loans
#8
μου
G3450
my
of me
#9
ἐν
G1722
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#10
τῇ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
βασιλείᾳ
G932
kingdom
properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)
#12
μου
G3450
my
of me
#13
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
καθίσησθε
G2523
sit
to seat down, i.e., set (figuratively, appoint); intransitively, to sit (down); figuratively, to settle (hover, dwell)
#15
ἐπὶ
G1909
at
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#16
θρόνων
G2362
thrones
a stately seat ("throne"); by implication, power or (concretely) a potentate
#17
κρίνοντες
G2919
judging
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#18
τὰς
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
δώδεκα
G1427
the twelve
two and ten, i.e., a dozen
#20
φυλὰς
G5443
tribes
an offshoot, i.e., race or clan
#21
τοῦ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
Ἰσραήλ
G2474
of Israel
israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

The kingdom of God theme here intersects with the progressive revelation of God's rule from creation to consummation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of development from creation mandate through Davidic kingdom to eschatological fulfillment. The phrase emphasizing kingdom relates to eschatology and the ultimate purpose of God's redemptive plan and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's reign from creation through the millennial kingdom.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of kingdom of God within the theological tradition of Luke Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes kingdom in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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