Luke 18:32
For he shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated, and spitted on:
Original Language Analysis
παραδοθήσεται
he shall be delivered
G3860
παραδοθήσεται
he shall be delivered
Strong's:
G3860
Word #:
1 of 10
to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit
γὰρ
For
G1063
γὰρ
For
Strong's:
G1063
Word #:
2 of 10
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
τοῖς
G3588
τοῖς
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
3 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἔθνεσιν
unto the Gentiles
G1484
ἔθνεσιν
unto the Gentiles
Strong's:
G1484
Word #:
4 of 10
a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
καὶ
and
G2532
καὶ
and
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
5 of 10
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
καὶ
and
G2532
καὶ
and
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
7 of 10
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Cross References
Isaiah 50:6I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair: I hid not my face from shame and spitting.Luke 23:11And Herod with his men of war set him at nought, and mocked him, and arrayed him in a gorgeous robe, and sent him again to Pilate.Isaiah 53:3He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.Isaiah 52:14As many were astonied at thee; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men:Acts 3:13The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, hath glorified his Son Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, when he was determined to let him go.Mark 14:65And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.Matthew 26:67Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him; and others smote him with the palms of their hands,Matthew 16:21From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.Micah 5:1Now gather thyself in troops, O daughter of troops: he hath laid siege against us: they shall smite the judge of Israel with a rod upon the cheek.Acts 2:23Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:
Historical Context
Roman soldiers routinely brutalized condemned criminals, but the mockery of Jesus as 'king' was uniquely ironic—they unwittingly proclaimed truth while meaning insult. The Jewish leaders handed Jesus to Pilate precisely because they lacked authority to execute (John 18:31), fulfilling Jesus's prediction of Gentile involvement.
Questions for Reflection
- How does Jesus's willingness to endure mockery and shame reveal the depth of His love for humanity?
- What does the Gentile involvement in the crucifixion signify about the universal scope of human sinfulness and redemption?
- How should knowing Christ endured such humiliation shape our response to personal dishonor or ridicule for faith?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
He shall be delivered unto the Gentiles (παραδοθήσεται τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, paradothēsetai tois ethnesin)—The verb paradidōmi (to hand over, betray) appears throughout the passion narrative. Ironically, God's chosen people will deliver their Messiah to pagans for execution—a prophetic reversal. Roman crucifixion, a Gentile penalty, was considered so shameful that Jewish law forbade it for Israelites.
Mocked, and spitefully entreated, and spitted on (ἐμπαιχθήσεται καὶ ὑβρισθήσεται καὶ ἐμπτυσθήσεται, empaichthēsetai kai hubristhēsetai kai emptusthēsetai)—three future passive verbs detailing progressive humiliation. Empaizō (to mock) involves the crown of thorns and purple robe. Hubrizō (to treat insolently) appears in the physical abuse. Spitting was considered the ultimate indignity in Mediterranean culture, defiling the victim's honor. Isaiah 50:6 prophesied: 'I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair: I hid not my face from shame and spitting.'