Leviticus 23:3

Authorized King James Version

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Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.

Original Language Analysis

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת Six H8337
שֵׁ֣שֶׁת Six
Strong's: H8337
Word #: 1 of 19
six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth
וּבַיּ֣וֹם day H3117
וּבַיּ֣וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 2 of 19
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ be done H6213
תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ be done
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 3 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מְלָאכָ֖ה no work H4399
מְלָאכָ֖ה no work
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 4 of 19
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
וּבַיּ֣וֹם day H3117
וּבַיּ֣וֹם day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 5 of 19
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י but the seventh H7637
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י but the seventh
Strong's: H7637
Word #: 6 of 19
seventh
שַׁבָּ֥ת is the sabbath H7676
שַׁבָּ֥ת is the sabbath
Strong's: H7676
Word #: 7 of 19
intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath
שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ of rest H7677
שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ of rest
Strong's: H7677
Word #: 8 of 19
a sabbatism or special holiday
מִקְרָא convocation H4744
מִקְרָא convocation
Strong's: H4744
Word #: 9 of 19
something called out, i.e., a public meeting (the act, the persons, or the place); also a rehearsal
קֹ֔דֶשׁ an holy H6944
קֹ֔דֶשׁ an holy
Strong's: H6944
Word #: 10 of 19
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 11 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
מְלָאכָ֖ה no work H4399
מְלָאכָ֖ה no work
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 13 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ be done H6213
תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ be done
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 14 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
שַׁבָּ֥ת is the sabbath H7676
שַׁבָּ֥ת is the sabbath
Strong's: H7676
Word #: 15 of 19
intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath
הִוא֙ H1931
הִוא֙
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 16 of 19
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
לַֽיהוָ֔ה of the LORD H3068
לַֽיהוָ֔ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 17 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
בְּכֹ֖ל H3605
בְּכֹ֖ל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 18 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
מוֹשְׁבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃ in all your dwellings H4186
מוֹשְׁבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃ in all your dwellings
Strong's: H4186
Word #: 19 of 19
a seat; figuratively, a site; abstractly, a session; by extension an abode (the place or the time); by implication, population

Cross References

Leviticus 19:3Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and keep my sabbaths: I am the LORD your God.Exodus 23:12Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.Exodus 34:21Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.Luke 13:14And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.Revelation 1:10I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet,Isaiah 58:13If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, the holy of the LORD, honourable; and shalt honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own words:Isaiah 56:2Blessed is the man that doeth this, and the son of man that layeth hold on it; that keepeth the sabbath from polluting it, and keepeth his hand from doing any evil.Isaiah 56:6Also the sons of the stranger, that join themselves to the LORD, to serve him, and to love the name of the LORD, to be his servants, every one that keepeth the sabbath from polluting it, and taketh hold of my covenant;Acts 15:21For Moses of old time hath in every city them that preach him, being read in the synagogues every sabbath day.Exodus 16:29See, for that the LORD hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.

Analysis & Commentary

Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.

This verse falls within the section on Appointed Feasts. God's sacred calendar including Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles, marking redemption and agricultural blessings.

The central theme of Leviticus is God's holiness and the call for His people to be holy. The Hebrew word qadosh (קָדוֹשׁ) means 'set apart' or 'sacred,' emphasizing both separation from sin and consecration to God's purposes.
The New Testament reveals that Christ's sacrifice accomplishes what the Levitical system could only symbolize—complete forgiveness and restoration of relationship with God.

Historical Context

God's sacred calendar including Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles, marking redemption and agricultural blessings. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. Ancient sacrificial texts from cultures surrounding Israel demonstrate the widespread practice of animal sacrifice, but Israel's system uniquely emphasized moral atonement over magical efficacy.

Questions for Reflection

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