Luke 13:14

Authorized King James Version

And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀποκριθεὶς
G611
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
δὲ
G1161
And
but, and, etc
#3
ὁ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
ἀρχισυνάγωγος
G752
the ruler of the synagogue
director of the synagogue services
#5
ἀγανακτῶν
G23
with indignation
to be greatly afflicted, i.e., (figuratively) indignant
#6
ὅτι
G3754
because
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#7
τῷ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
σαββάτου
G4521
on the sabbath
the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,
#9
θεραπεύεσθε
G2323
be healed
to wait upon menially, i.e., (figuratively) to adore (god), or (specially) to relieve (of disease)
#10
ὁ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
Ἰησοῦς
G2424
that Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#12
ἔλεγεν
G3004
day and said
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#13
τῷ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
ὄχλῳ
G3793
unto the people
a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot
#15
Ἓξ
G1803
six
six
#16
ἡμέρᾳ
G2250
day
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#17
εἰσὶν
G1526
There are
they are
#18
ἐν
G1722
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#19
αἷς
G3739
which
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#20
δεῖ
G1163
men ought
also deon deh-on'; neuter active participle of the same; both used impersonally; it is (was, etc.) necessary (as binding)
#21
ἐργάζεσθαι·
G2038
to work
to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc
#22
ἐν
G1722
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#23
ταύταις
G3778
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#24
οὖν
G3767
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#25
ἐρχόμενοι
G2064
and
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#26
θεραπεύεσθε
G2323
be healed
to wait upon menially, i.e., (figuratively) to adore (god), or (specially) to relieve (of disease)
#27
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#28
μὴ
G3361
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#29
τῇ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#30
ἡμέρᾳ
G2250
day
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#31
τοῦ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#32
σαββάτου
G4521
on the sabbath
the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

Analysis

The kingdom of God theme here intersects with the progressive revelation of God's rule from creation to consummation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of development from creation mandate through Davidic kingdom to eschatological fulfillment. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's reign from creation through the millennial kingdom.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on kingdom of God particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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