Exodus 20:9

Authorized King James Version

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Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

Original Language Analysis

שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת Six H8337
שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת Six
Strong's: H8337
Word #: 1 of 6
six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth
יָמִ֣ים֙ days H3117
יָמִ֣ים֙ days
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 2 of 6
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮ shalt thou labour H5647
תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮ shalt thou labour
Strong's: H5647
Word #: 3 of 6
to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc
וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ and do H6213
וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ and do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 4 of 6
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 5 of 6
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
מְלַאכְתֶּֽךָ֒׃ all thy work H4399
מְלַאכְתֶּֽךָ֒׃ all thy work
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 6 of 6
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)

Analysis & Commentary

Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

The Sabbath command begins with permission to work—'six days shalt thou labour' (שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד, sheshet yamim ta'avod). Work isn't curse but calling; labor has dignity. The rhythm is six-then-one, work-then-rest, mirroring Creation's pattern. 'All thy work' (כָּל־מְלַאכְתֶּךָ, kol-melakhtekha) means complete your tasks in six days—the Sabbath isn't catch-up day but genuine rest. This sanctifies ordinary labor: the six days of work are as commanded as the seventh day of rest. God ordains both work and rest; both glorify Him. Secular/sacred divide collapses—plowing and praying, building and Bible-reading, all done unto the Lord.

Historical Context

In the ancient world, continuous labor with no regular rest was common, especially for slaves. God's command to work six days and rest one protected workers from endless toil while dignifying labor itself.

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