Isaiah 58:13

Authorized King James Version

If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, the holy of the LORD, honourable; and shalt honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own words:

Word-by-Word Analysis

אִם

H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

תָּשִׁ֤יב

H7725

If thou turn away

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

לַשַּׁבָּ֜ת

H7676

from the sabbath

intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath

רַגְלֶ֔ךָ

H7272

thy foot

a foot (as used in walking); by implication, a step; by euphemistically the pudenda

מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת

H6213

from doing

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

חֶפְצְךָ֖

H2656

thine own pleasure

pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)

בְּי֣וֹם

H3117

day

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

קָדְשִׁ֑י

H6944

on my holy

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

וְקָרָ֨אתָ

H7121

and call

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

#10

לַשַּׁבָּ֜ת

H7676

from the sabbath

intermission, i.e (specifically) the sabbath

#11

עֹ֗נֶג

H6027

a delight

luxury

#12

לִקְד֤וֹשׁ

H6918

the holy

sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) god (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary

#13

יְהוָה֙

H3068

of the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

#14

וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ֙

H3513

and shalt honour

to be heavy, i.e., in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same

#15

וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ֙

H3513

and shalt honour

to be heavy, i.e., in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same

#16

מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת

H6213

from doing

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

#17

דְּרָכֶ֔יךָ

H1870

thine own ways

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

#18

מִמְּצ֥וֹא

H4672

nor finding

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

#19

חֶפְצְךָ֖

H2656

thine own pleasure

pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)

#20

וְדַבֵּ֥ר

H1696

nor speaking

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

#21

דָּבָֽר׃

H1697

thine own words

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

How does this verse's literary context within Isaiah chapter 58 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of from physical deliverance in the Old Testament to spiritual redemption in the New, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?

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