Leviticus 20:13

Authorized King James Version

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If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.

Original Language Analysis

וְאִ֗ישׁ If a man H376
וְאִ֗ישׁ If a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 1 of 14
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 14
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יִשְׁכַּ֤ב also lie H7901
יִשְׁכַּ֤ב also lie
Strong's: H7901
Word #: 3 of 14
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
אֶת H854
אֶת
Strong's: H854
Word #: 4 of 14
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
זָכָר֙ with mankind H2145
זָכָר֙ with mankind
Strong's: H2145
Word #: 5 of 14
properly, remembered, i.e., a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex)
מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י as he lieth H4904
מִשְׁכְּבֵ֣י as he lieth
Strong's: H4904
Word #: 6 of 14
a bed (figuratively, a bier); abstractly, sleep; by euphemism, carnal intercourse
אִשָּׁ֔ה with a woman H802
אִשָּׁ֔ה with a woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 7 of 14
a woman
תּֽוֹעֵבָ֥ה an abomination H8441
תּֽוֹעֵבָ֥ה an abomination
Strong's: H8441
Word #: 8 of 14
properly, something disgusting (morally), i.e., (as noun) an abhorrence; especially idolatry or (concretely) an idol
עָשׂ֖וּ of them have committed H6213
עָשׂ֖וּ of them have committed
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 9 of 14
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם both H8147
שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם both
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 10 of 14
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
יוּמָ֖תוּ be put to death H4191
יוּמָ֖תוּ be put to death
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 11 of 14
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
יוּמָ֖תוּ be put to death H4191
יוּמָ֖תוּ be put to death
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 12 of 14
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם their blood H1818
דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם their blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 13 of 14
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
בָּֽם׃ H0
בָּֽם׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 14

Analysis & Commentary

If a man also lie with mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.

This verse falls within the section on Penalties for Disobedience. Punishments for violations of sexual and religious laws, emphasizing the seriousness of sin in God's holy community.

Leviticus 17:11 declares 'the life of the flesh is in the blood,' establishing blood's sacred role in atonement, pointing to Christ's blood shed for redemption.
The access to God's presence that Leviticus carefully regulated is now freely available through Christ's blood, tearing the veil and opening the way to God.

Historical Context

Punishments for violations of sexual and religious laws, emphasizing the seriousness of sin in God's holy community. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. Archaeological discoveries at sites like Ugarit reveal Canaanite religious practices Israel's laws explicitly rejected, confirming the Bible's historical reliability and the distinctiveness of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection

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