Leviticus 13:45

Authorized King James Version

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And the leper in whom the plague is, his clothes shall be rent, and his head bare, and he shall put a covering upon his upper lip, and shall cry, Unclean, unclean.

Original Language Analysis

וְהַצָּר֜וּעַ And the leper H6879
וְהַצָּר֜וּעַ And the leper
Strong's: H6879
Word #: 1 of 16
to scourge, i.e., (intransitive and figurative) to be stricken with leprosy
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בּ֣וֹ H0
בּ֣וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 3 of 16
הַנֶּ֗גַע in whom the plague H5061
הַנֶּ֗גַע in whom the plague
Strong's: H5061
Word #: 4 of 16
a blow (figuratively, infliction); also (by implication) a spot (concretely, a leprous person or dress)
בְּגָדָ֞יו is his clothes H899
בְּגָדָ֞יו is his clothes
Strong's: H899
Word #: 5 of 16
a covering, i.e., clothing
יִֽהְי֤וּ H1961
יִֽהְי֤וּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 6 of 16
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
פְרֻמִים֙ shall be rent H6533
פְרֻמִים֙ shall be rent
Strong's: H6533
Word #: 7 of 16
to tear
וְרֹאשׁוֹ֙ and his head H7218
וְרֹאשׁוֹ֙ and his head
Strong's: H7218
Word #: 8 of 16
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
יִֽהְיֶ֣ה H1961
יִֽהְיֶ֣ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 9 of 16
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
פָר֔וּעַ bare H6544
פָר֔וּעַ bare
Strong's: H6544
Word #: 10 of 16
to loosen; by implication, to expose, dismiss; figuratively, absolve, begin
וְעַל H5921
וְעַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 11 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שָׂפָ֖ם upon his upper lip H8222
שָׂפָ֖ם upon his upper lip
Strong's: H8222
Word #: 12 of 16
the beard (as a lippiece)
יַעְטֶ֑ה and he shall put a covering H5844
יַעְטֶ֑ה and he shall put a covering
Strong's: H5844
Word #: 13 of 16
to wrap, i.e., cover, veil, clothe, or roll
טָמֵ֖א Unclean H2931
טָמֵ֖א Unclean
Strong's: H2931
Word #: 14 of 16
foul in a religious sense
טָמֵ֖א Unclean H2931
טָמֵ֖א Unclean
Strong's: H2931
Word #: 15 of 16
foul in a religious sense
יִקְרָֽא׃ and shall cry H7121
יִקְרָֽא׃ and shall cry
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 16 of 16
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

Cross References

Leviticus 10:6And Moses said unto Aaron, and unto Eleazar and unto Ithamar, his sons, Uncover not your heads, neither rend your clothes; lest ye die, and lest wrath come upon all the people: but let your brethren, the whole house of Israel, bewail the burning which the LORD hath kindled.Micah 3:7Then shall the seers be ashamed, and the diviners confounded: yea, they shall all cover their lips; for there is no answer of God.Ezekiel 24:17Forbear to cry, make no mourning for the dead, bind the tire of thine head upon thee, and put on thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thy lips, and eat not the bread of men.Lamentations 4:15They cried unto them, Depart ye; it is unclean; depart, depart, touch not: when they fled away and wandered, they said among the heathen, They shall no more sojourn there.Ezekiel 24:22And ye shall do as I have done: ye shall not cover your lips, nor eat the bread of men.Luke 17:12And as he entered into a certain village, there met him ten men that were lepers, which stood afar off:Leviticus 21:10And he that is the high priest among his brethren, upon whose head the anointing oil was poured, and that is consecrated to put on the garments, shall not uncover his head, nor rend his clothes;Isaiah 64:6But we are all as an unclean thing, and all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags; and we all do fade as a leaf; and our iniquities, like the wind, have taken us away.Isaiah 6:5Then said I, Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts.Psalms 51:3For I acknowledge my transgressions: and my sin is ever before me.

Analysis & Commentary

And the leper in whom the plague is, his clothes shall be rent, and his head bare, and he shall put a covering upon his upper lip, and shall cry, Unclean, unclean.

This verse falls within the section on Diagnosing Skin Diseases. Detailed procedures for priests to diagnose skin diseases (צָרַעַת, tzaraat), often translated 'leprosy' but covering various conditions.

Ritual purity laws taught Israel to distinguish between clean and unclean, holy and common, training them in discernment and reverence for God's presence.
The New Testament reveals that Christ's sacrifice accomplishes what the Levitical system could only symbolize—complete forgiveness and restoration of relationship with God.

Historical Context

Detailed procedures for priests to diagnose skin diseases (צָרַעַת, tzaraat), often translated 'leprosy' but covering various conditions. Chapters 11-15 address ritual purity, teaching Israel to distinguish clean from unclean. These laws served multiple purposes: promoting health, teaching spiritual lessons about sin's defilement, and separating Israel from pagan practices. Archaeological evidence shows Canaanite worship involved practices Israel's laws explicitly prohibited. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. The tabernacle's design parallels ancient Near Eastern temple architecture, yet its portable nature and absence of divine images distinguished it from pagan temples.

Questions for Reflection

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