Isaiah 18:1

Authorized King James Version

Woe to the land shadowing with wings, which is beyond the rivers of Ethiopia:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ה֥וֹי
Woe
oh!
#2
אֶ֖רֶץ
to the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#3
צִלְצַ֣ל
shadowing
a cymbal (as clanging)
#4
כְּנָפָ֑יִם
with wings
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
#5
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
מֵעֵ֖בֶר
which is beyond
properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the jordan; ususally meaning
#7
לְנַֽהֲרֵי
the rivers
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#8
כֽוּשׁ׃
of Ethiopia
cush (or ethiopia), the name of an israelite

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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