Hebrews 13:20

Authorized King James Version

Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
Now
but, and, etc
#3
θεὸς
the God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#4
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
εἰρήνης
of peace
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
ἀναγαγὼν
that brought again
to lead up; by extension to bring out; specially, to sail away
#8
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#9
νεκρῶν
the dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
#10
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ποιμένα
shepherd
a shepherd (literally or figuratively)
#12
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
προβάτων
of the sheep
something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)
#14
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
μέγαν
that great
big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application)
#16
ἐν
through
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#17
αἵματι
the blood
blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of christ); by implication, bloodshed, also k
#18
διαθήκης
covenant
properly, a disposition, i.e., (specially) a contract (especially a devisory will)
#19
αἰωνίου
of the everlasting
perpetual (also used of past time, or past and future as well)
#20
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
κύριον
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#22
ἡμῶν
our
of (or from) us
#23
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Hebrews. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show treaty language and adoption practices from the ancient world, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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