Hebrews 10:30

Authorized King James Version

For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οἴδαμεν
we know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
εἰπόντα
him that hath said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#5
Ἐμοὶ
belongeth unto me
to me
#6
ἐκδίκησις
Vengeance
vindication, retribution
#7
ἐγὼ
I
i, me
#8
ἀνταποδώσω
will recompense
to requite (good or evil)
#9
λέγει
saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#10
Κύριος·
The Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#11
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
πάλιν
again
(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand
#13
Κύριος·
The Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#14
Κρινεῖ
shall judge
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#15
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
λαὸν
people
a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)
#17
αὐτοῦ
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Hebrews. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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