Habakkuk 2:19

Authorized King James Version

Woe unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ה֣וֹי
Woe
oh!
#2
אֹמֵ֤ר
unto him that saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
לָעֵץ֙
to the wood
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#4
הָקִ֔יצָה
Awake
to awake (literally or figuratively)
#5
ע֖וּרִי
Arise
to wake (literally or figuratively)
#6
לְאֶ֣בֶן
H68
stone
a stone
#7
דּוּמָ֑ם
to the dumb
still; adverbially, silently
#8
ה֣וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#9
יוֹרֶ֔ה
it shall teach
properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by
#10
הִנֵּה
lo!
#11
ה֗וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#12
תָּפוּשׂ֙
Behold it is laid
to manipulate, i.e., seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably
#13
זָהָ֣ב
over with gold
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
#14
וָכֶ֔סֶף
and silver
silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
#15
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#16
ר֖וּחַ
and there is no breath
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the
#17
אֵ֥ין
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
#18
בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃
at all in the midst
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Habakkuk Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection