Isaiah 40:19

Authorized King James Version

The workman melteth a graven image, and the goldsmith spreadeth it over with gold, and casteth silver chains.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַפֶּ֙סֶל֙
a graven image
an idol
#2
נָסַ֣ךְ
melteth
to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king
#3
חָרָ֔שׁ
The workman
a fabricator or any material
#4
צוֹרֵֽף׃
and casteth
to fuse (metal), i.e., refine (literally or figuratively)
#5
בַּזָּהָ֣ב
it over with gold
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
#6
יְרַקְּעֶ֑נּוּ
spreadeth
to pound the earth (as a sign of passion); by analogy to expand (by hammering); by implication, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal)
#7
וּרְתֻק֥וֹת
chains
something fastened, i.e., a chain
#8
כֶּ֖סֶף
silver
silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
#9
צוֹרֵֽף׃
and casteth
to fuse (metal), i.e., refine (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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