Habakkuk 1:4

Authorized King James Version

Therefore the law is slacked, and judgment doth never go forth: for the wicked doth compass about the righteous; therefore wrong judgment proceedeth.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#2
כֵּן֙
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#3
תָּפ֣וּג
is slacked
to be sluggish
#4
תּוֹרָ֔ה
Therefore the law
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
#5
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#6
יֵצֵ֥א
go forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#7
לָנֶ֖צַח
doth never
properly, a goal, i.e., the bright object at a distance travelled towards; hence (figuratively), splendor, or (subjectively) truthfulness, or (objecti
#8
מִשְׁפָּ֖ט
and judgment
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
#9
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#10
רָשָׁע֙
for the wicked
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
#11
מַכְתִּ֣יר
doth compass
to enclose; hence (in a friendly sense) to crown, (in a hostile one) to besiege; also to wait (as restraining oneself)
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
הַצַּדִּ֔יק
about the righteous
just
#14
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#15
כֵּ֛ן
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#16
יֵצֵ֥א
go forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#17
מִשְׁפָּ֖ט
and judgment
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
#18
מְעֻקָּֽל׃
therefore wrong
to wrest

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection